]> North Carolina State University

Department of Computer Science 890 Oval Drive Campus Box 8206 Raleigh, NC 27695-8206 USA mshahza@ncsu.edu

North Carolina State University

Department of Computer Science 890 Oval Drive Campus Box 8206 Raleigh, NC 27695-8206 USA hassaniqbal931@gmail.com

Cisco Systems

Richtistrasse 7 Wallisellen CH-8304 Switzerland +41 44 878 9200 lear@cisco.com

Internet-Draft The initial core schema for SCIM (System for Cross Identity Management) was designed for provisioning users. This memo specifies schema extensions that enables provisioning of devices, using various underlying bootstrapping systems, such as Wifi EasyConnect, FIDO device onboarding vouchers, BLE passcodes, and MAC authenticated bypass.

Introduction The Internet of Things presents a management challenge in many dimensions. One of them is the ability to onboard and manage large number of devices. There are many models for bootstrapping trust between devices and network deployments. Indeed it is expected that different manufacturers will make use of different methods. SCIM (System for Cross Identity Management) defines a protocol and a schema for provisioning of users. However, it can easily be extended to provision devices. The protocol and core schema were designed to permit just such extensions. Bulk operations are supported. This is good because often devices are procured in bulk. A primary purpose of this specification is to provision the network for onboarding and communications access to and from devices within a local deployment based on the underlying capabilities of those devices. The underlying security mechanisms of some devices range from non-existent such as the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) "Just Works" pairing method to a robust Fido Device Onboarding (FDO) mechanism. Information from the SCIM server is dispatched to control functions based on selected schema extensions to enable these communications within a network. The SCIM database is therefore essentially equivalent to a AAA database, and should be carefully treated as such.

Why SCIM for devices? Some might ask why SCIM is well suited for this purpose and not, for example, NETCONF or RESTCONF with YANG. After all, there are all sorts of existing models available. The answer is that the only information being passed about the device is neither state nor device configuration information, but only information necessary to bootstrap trust so that the device may establish connectivity.

Protocol Participants In the normal SCIM model, it was presumed that large federated deployments would be SCIM clients who provision and remove employees and contractors as they are enter and depart those deployments, and federated services such as sales, payment, or conferencing services would be the servers. In the device model, the roles are reversed, and may be somewhat more varied. A deployment network management system gateway (NMS gateway) plays the role of the server, receiving information about devices that are expected to be connected to its network. That server will apply appropriate local policies regarding whether/how the device should be connected. The client may be one of a number of entities: A vendor who is authorized to add devices to a network as part of a sales transaction. This is similar to the sales integration sometimes envisioned by Bootstrapping Remote Key Infrastructure (BRSKI) . A client application that administrators or employees use to add, remove, or get information about devices. An example might be an tablet or phone app that scans Easyconnect QR codes.

| SCIM | | | app |<-------------| Server | | +-----------+ Ctrl Endpt +---------+ | | | +-----------+ | +------------+ +-------+ | | Control |...........|..| ALG |.........|device | | | App | | +------------+ +-------+ | +-----------+ | | | | +-----------------------------------+ ]]>

In , the onboarding app provides the device particulars. As part of the response, the SCIM server might provide additional information, especially in the case of non-IP devices, where an application-layer gateway may need to be used to communicate with the device. The control endpoint is one among a number of objects that may be returned.

Schema Description RFC 7643 does not prescribe a language to describe a schema. We have chosen the JSON schema language for this purpose. The use of XML for this SCIM devices is not supported. Several additional schemas specify specific onboarding mechanisms, such as BLE and Wifi Easy Connect.

Schema Representation Attributes defined in the device core schema and extensions comprise characteristics and SCIM datatypes defined in Sections 2.2 and 2.3 of the . This specifciation does not define new characteristics and datatypes for the SCIM attributes.

Terminology The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

ResourceType Device A new resource type 'Device' is specified. The "ResourceType" schema specifies the metadata about a resource type (see section 6 of ). The resource "Devices" comprises a core device schema and several extension schemas. The core schema provides a minimal resource representation, whereas extension schemas extend the core schema depending on the device's capability. The JSON schema for Device resource type is in .

Common Attributes The Device schema contains three common attributes as defined in the . id An id is a required and unique attribute of the device core schema (see section 3.1 of ). externalID An externalID is an optional attribute (see section 3.1 of ). meta Meta is a complex attribute and is required (see section 3.1 of ).

SCIM Core Device Schema The core device schema provides the minimal representation of a resource "Device". It contains only those attributes that any device may need, and only one attribute is required. The core schema for "Device" is identified using the schema URI: "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device". The following attributes are defined in the device core schema.

Singular Attributes displayName This attribute is of type "string" and provides a human-readable name for a device. It is intended to be displayed to end-users and should be suitable for that purpose. The attribute is not required, and is not case-sensitive. It may be modified and SHOULD be returned by default. No uniqueness constraints are imposed on this attribute. active The "active" attribute is of type "boolean" and is a mutable attribute, and is required. If set to TRUE, it means that this device is intended to be operational. Attempts to control or access a device where this value is set to FALSE may fail. For example, when used in conjunction with NIPC , commands such as connect, disconnect, subscribe that control app sends to the controller for the devices any command coming from the control app for the device will be rejected by the controller. mudUrl The mudUrl attribute represents the URL to the MUD file associated with this device. This attribute is optional and mutable. The mudUrl value is case sensitive and not unique. When present, this attribute may be used as described in . This attribute is case sensitive and returned by default. Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique displayName F F F RW Def None active F T F RW Def None mudUrl F F T RW Def None An example of a device SCIM object is as follows:

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

The schema for the device is presented in JSON format in Section , while the openAPI representation is provided in Section .

Device Groups Device groups are created using the SCIM groups as defined in Section 4.2.

Resource Type EndpointApp This section defines a new resource type, 'EndpointApp'. The "ResourceType" schema specifies the metadata about a resource type (see section 6 of ). The resource "EndpointApp" represents client applications that can control and/or receive data from the devices. The JSON schema for EndpointApp resource type is in . The attributes comprising EndpointsApp are listed in . The "EndpointApp" are included in the endpoint applications extension ("endpointAppsExt") .

SCIM EndpointApp Schema The EndpointApp schema is used to authorize clients control or telemetry services for clients. The schema identifies the application and how clients are to authenticate to the various services. The schema for "EndpointApp" is identified using the schema URI: "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp". The following attributes are defined in this schema.

Common Attributes The EndpointApp schema contains three common attributes as defined in the .

Singular Attributes applicationType This attribute is of type "string" and represents the type of application. It will only contain two values; 'deviceControl' or 'telemetry'. 'deviceControl' is the application that sends commands to control the device. 'telemetry' is the application that receives data from the device. The attribute is required, and is not case-sensitive. The is attribute readOnly and should be returned by default. No uniqueness constraints are imposed on this attribute. applicationName The "applicationName" attribute is of type "string" and represents a human readable name for the application. This attribute is required and mutable. The attribute should be returned by default and there is no uniqueness contraint on the attribute. clientToken This attribute type string contains a token that the client will use to authenticate itself. Each token may be a string up to 500 characters in length. It is mutable, required, case sensitive and returned by default if it exists. The SCIM server should expect that client tokens will be shared by the SCIM client with other components within the client's infrastructure.

Complex Attributes

certificateInfo It is the complex attribute that contains x509 certificate's subject name and root CA information associated with application clients that will connect for purposes of device control or telemetry. rootCA This is the base64 encoding of the public key of a certificate as described in Section 4. It used as the trust anchor for certificates that may used for client application access. This object is not required, singular, case sensitive, and read/write. If not present, a set of trust anchors MUST be configured out of band. subjectName If present, this field contains a dnsName, as specified in Section 4.2.1.6 of . It is NOT expected that the dnsName will necessarily bind to the incoming IP address of the application client. This attribute is not required, read write, singular and NOT case sensitive. This name may also appear as an subjectAlternateName (SAN) of type dnsName, in which case the subject MUST be ignored. If multiple dnsNames are present, it is left to server implementations to address any authorization conflicts associated with those names. Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique applicationType F T F R Def None applicationName F T F RW Def None clientToken F T T R Def None certificateInfo F F F RW Def None rootPublicKey F F T RW Def None subjectName F T T RW Def None Note that either clientToken and certificateInfo are used for the authentication of the application. If certificateInfo is NOT present when an endpointApp is object created, then the server SHOULD return a clientToken. Otherwise, if the server accepts the certificateInfo object for authentication, it SHOULD NOT return a clientToken. If the server accepts and produces a clientToken, then control and telemetry servers MUST validate both. The SCIM client will know that this is the case based on the SCIM object that is returned. certificateInfo is preferred in situations where client functions are federated such that different clients may connect for different purposes.

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316212", "applicationType": "deviceControl", "applicationName": "Device Control App 1", "certificateInfo": { "rootCA" : "MIIBIjAN...", "subjectName": "wwww.example.com" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "EndpointApp", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/EndpointApp/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316212" } } ]]>

The schema for the endpointApp is presented in JSON format in Section , while the openAPI representation is provided in Section .

SCIM Device Extensions SCIM provides various extension schemas, their attributes, JSON representation, and example object. The core schema is extended with a new resource type, as described in . No schemaExtensions list is specified in that definition. Instead, an IANA registry is created, where all values for "required" are set to false. All extensions involving Devices MUST be registered via IANA, as described in . The schemas below demonstrate how this model is to work.

BLE Extension This schema extends the device schema to represent the devices supporting BLE. The extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device The attributes are as follows:

Singular Attributes deviceMacAddress A string value that represent a public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is a unique 48-bit value. Ir is required, case insensitive, and it is mutable and return as default. The regex pattern is the following:

isRandom A boolean flag taken from the BLE core specification, 5.3. If FALSE, the device is using a public MAC address. If TRUE, the device uses a Random address resolved using IRK. This attribute is not required, it is mutable, and returned by default. Its default value is FALSE. separateBroadcastAddress When present, this address is used for broadcasts/advertisements. This value MUST NOT be set when an IRK is provided. Its form is the same as deviceMacAddress. It is not required, multivalued, mutable, and returned by default. irk A string value, Identity resolving key, which is unique for every device. It is used to resolve the random address. It is required when isRandom is TRUE. It is mutable and never returned. mobility A boolean attribute to enable BLE device mobility. If set to True, the device could be expected to move within a network of APs. For example, BLE device is connected with AP-1 and moves out of range but comes in range of AP-2, it will be disconnected with AP-1 and connects with AP-2. It is returned by default and mutable.

Multivalued Attributes versionSupport A multivalued attribute that provides all the BLE versions supported by the device in the form of an array. For example, [4.1, 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3]. It is required, mutable, and return as default. pairingMethods An array of pairing methods associated with the BLE device. The pairing methods may require sub-attributes, such as key/password, for the device pairing process. To enable the scalability of pairing methods in the future, they are represented as extensions to incorporate various attributes that are part of the respective pairing process. Pairing method extensions are nested inside the BLE extension. It is required, case sensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

BLE Pairing Method Extensions The details on pairing methods and their associated attributes are in section 2.3 of . This memo defines extensions for four pairing methods that are nested insided the BLE extension schema. Each extension contains the common attributes . These extension are are as follows. (i) pairingNull extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0:Device pairingNull does not have any attribute. It allows pairing for BLE devices that do not require a pairing method. (ii) pairingJustWorks extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0:Device Just works pairing method does not require a key to pair devices. For completeness, the key attribute is included and is set to 'null'. Key attribute is required, immutable, and return by default. (iii) pairingPassKey extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0:Device The pass key pairing method requires a 6-digit key to pair devices. This extension has one singular integer attribute, "key", which is required, mutable and returned by default. The key pattern is as follows:

(iv) pairingOOB extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device The out-of-band pairing method includes three singular attributes, i.e., key, randomNumber, and confirmationNumber. key The key is string value, required and received from out-of-bond sources such as NFC. It is case sensitive, mutable, and returned by default. randomNumber It represents a nounce added to the key. It is and integer value that is required attribute. It is mutable and returned by default. confirmationNumber An integer which some solutions require in RESTful message exchange. It is not required. It is mutable and returned by default if it exists. Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique deviceMacAddress F T F RW Def Manuf isRandom F T F RW Def None sepBroadcastAdd T T F RW Def None irk F F F WO Nev Manuf versionSupport T T F RW Def None mobility F F F RW Def None pairingMethods T T T RW Def None An example of a device object with BLE extension is as follows:

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["5.3"], "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2", "isRandom": false, "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77 :22:12"], "mobility": true, "pairingMethods": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension :pairingPassKey:2.0:Device"], "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device" : { "key": 123456 } }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

In the above example, the pairing method is "pairingPassKey", which implies that this BLE device pairs using only a passkey. In another example below, the pairing method is "pairingOOB," implying that this BLE device uses the out-of-band pairing method.

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["5.3"], "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2", "isRandom": false, "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77 :22:12"], "mobility": true, "pairingMethods": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension :pairingOOB:2.0:Device"], "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device": { "key": "TheKeyvalueRetrievedFromOOB", "randNumber": 238796813516896 } }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

However, a device can have more than one pairing method. Support for multiple pairing methods is also provided by the multi-valued attribute pairingMethods. In the example below, the BLE device can pair with both passkey and OOB pairing methods.

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["5.3"], "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2", "isRandom": false, "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77 :22:12"], "mobility": true, "pairingMethods": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension :pairingPassKey:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0 :Device"], "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device" : { "key": 123456 }, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device": { "key": "TheKeyvalueRetrievedFromOOB", "randNumber": 238796813516896 } }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

The schema for the BLE extension is presented in JSON format in Section , while the openAPI representation is provided in Section .

EasyConnect Extension A schema that extends the device schema to enable WiFi EasyConnect (otherwise known as Device Provisioning Protocol or DPP). The extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device The attributes in this extension are adopted from . The attributes are as follows:

Singular Attributes dppVersion An integer that represents the version of DPP the device supports. This attribute is required, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default. bootstrapKey A string value representing Elliptic-Curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) public key. The base64 encoded lengths for P-256, P-384, and P-521 are 80, 96, and 120 characters. This attribute is required, case-sensitive, mutable, and returned by default. deviceMacAddress The manufacturer assigns the MAC address stored as string. It is a unique 48-bit value. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The regex pattern is as follows:

serialNumber An alphanumeric serial number, stored as string, may also be passed as bootstrapping information. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

Multivalued Attributes bootstrappingMethod It is the array of strings of all the bootstrapping methods available on the enrollee device. For example, [QR, NFC]. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default. classChannel This attribute is an array of strings of global operating class and channel shared as bootstrapping information. It is formatted as class/channel. For example, ['81/1','115/36']. This attribute is optional, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default.

An example of a device object with DPP extension is below:

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0 :Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "WiFi Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device" : { "dppVersion": 2, "bootstrappingMethod": ["QR"], "bootstrapKey": "MDkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDIgADURzxmt tZoIRIPWGoQMV00XHWCAQIhXruVWOz0NjlkIA=", "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:F2", "classChannel": ["81/1", "115/36"], "serialNumber": "4774LH2b4044" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

The schema for the DPP extension is presented in JSON format in Section , while the openAPI representation is provided in Section .

Ethernet MAB Extension This extension enables a legacy means of (very) weak authentication, known as MAC Authenticated Bypass (MAB), that is supported in many wired ethernet solutions. If the MAC address is known, then the device may be permitted (perhaps limited) access. The extension is identified by the following URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0:Device

Single Attribute This extension has a singular attribute: deviceMacAddress This is the Ethernet address to be provisioned onto the network. It takes the identical form as found in both the BLE and DPP extensions. Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique deviceMacAddress F T F RW Def None An example of a device object with EthernetMAB extension is shown below:

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0 :Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "Some random Ethernet Device", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0:Device" : { "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

The schema for the EthernetMAB extension is presented in JSON format in Section , while the openAPI representation is provided in Section .

Fido Device Onboarding Extension This extension specifies a voucher to be used by a Fido Device Onboarding (FDO) owner process , so that a trusted introduction can be made using that mechanism. urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard:2.0:Device

Single Attribute This extension has a singular attribute: fdoVoucher The voucher is formated as a PEM-encoded object in accordance with the FDO specification (citation needed). Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique fdoVoucher F T F WO Nev None An example of a device object with FDO extension is shown below:

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Devices", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard :2.0:Devices"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "Some random Ethernet Device", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard:2.0 :Devices" : { "fdoVoucher": "{... voucher ...}" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

The schema for the FDO extension is presented in JSON format in Section , while the openAPI representation is provided in Section .

Zigbee Extension A schema that extends the device schema to enable the provisioning of Zigbee devices. The extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device It has one singular attribute and one multivalued attribute. The attributes are as follows:

Singular Attribute deviceEui64Address An EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) device address stored as string. This attribute is required, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The regex pattern is as follows:

Multivalued Attribute versionSupport An array of strings of all the Zigbee versions supported by the device. For example, [3.0]. This attribute is required, case insensitive, mutable, and returned by default. Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique deviceEui64Address F T F RW Def None versionSupport T T F RW Def None An example of a device object with Zigbee extension is shown below:

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "Zigbee Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["3.0"], "deviceEui64Address": "50:32:5F:FF:FE:E7:67:28" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

The schema for the Zigbee extension is presented in JSON format in Section , while the openAPI representation is provided in Section .

The Endpoint Applications Extension Schema Sometimes non-IP devices such as those using BLE or Zigbee require an application gateway interface to manage them. SCIM clients MUST NOT specify this to describe native IP-based devices. endpointAppsExt provides the list application that connect to enterprise gateway. The endpointAppsExt has one multivalued attribute and two singular attributes. The extension is identified using the following schema URI: urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0:Device

Singular Attributes deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint Device control apps use this URL of the enterprise endpoint to reach the enterprise gateway. When the enterprise receives the SCIM object from the onboarding app, it adds this attribute to it and sends it back as a response to the onboarding app. This attribute is required, case-sensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The uniqueness is enforced by the enterprise. telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint Telemetry apps use this URL of the enterprise endpoint to reach the enterprise gateway. When the enterprise receives the SCIM object from the onboarding app, it adds this attribute to it and sends it back as a response to the onboarding app. This attribute is required, case-sensitive, mutable, and returned by default. The uniqueness is enforced by the enterprise.

Multivalued Attribute applications This is a complex multivalued attribute. It represents a list of endpoint applications i.e., deviceControl and telemetry. Each entry in the list comprises two attributes including "value" and "$ref". value It is the identifier of the endpoint application formated as UUID. It is same as the common attribute "$id" of the resource "endpointApp". It is readOnly, required, case insensitive and returned by default. $ref It is the reference to the respective endpointApp resource object stored in the SCIM server. It is readOnly, required, case sensitive and returned by default. Attribute Multi Value Req Case Exact Mutable Return Unique devContEntEndpoint F T T R Def Ent telEntEndpoint F T T R Def Ent applications T T F RW Def None value F T F R Def None $ref F T F R Def None An example of a device object with endpointAppsExt extension is below:

{ "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0 :Device"], "id": "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316111", "displayName": "BLE Heart Monitor", "active": true, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device" : { "versionSupport": ["5.3"], "deviceMacAddress": "2C:54:91:88:C9:E2", "isRandom": false, "separateBroadcastAddress": ["AA:BB:88:77:22:11", "AA:BB:88:77 :22:12"], "mobility": false, "pairingMethods": [ "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0 :Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks :2.0:Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device", "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0 :Device"], "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0:Device" : null, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0 :Device": { "key": null }, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device" : { "key": 123456 }, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device": { "key": "TheKeyvalueRetrievedFromOOB", "randNumber": 238796813516896 } }, "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0 :Device": { "applications": [ { "value" : "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316212", "$ref" : "https://example.com/v2/EndpointApp/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316212" }, { "value" : "e9e30dba-f08f-4109-8486-d5c6a3316333", "$ref" : "https://example.com/v2/EndpointApp/e9e30dba-f08f -4109-8486-d5c6a3316333" } ], "deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint": "https ://enterprise.com/device_control_app_endpoint/", "telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint": "https ://enterprise.com/telemetry_app_endpoint/" }, "meta": { "resourceType": "Device", "created": "2022-01-23T04:56:22Z", "lastModified": "2022-05-13T04:42:34Z", "version": "W\/\"a330bc54f0671c9\"", "location": "https://example.com/v2/Device/e9e30dba-f08f-4109 -8486-d5c6a3316111" } } ]]>

The schema for the endpointAppsExt extension along with BLE extension is presented in JSON format in Section , while the openAPI representation is provided in Section .

Schema JSON Representation

Resource Schema

[ { "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0 :ResourceType"], "id": "Device", "name": "Device", "endpoint": "/Devices", "description": "Device Account", "schema": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "meta": { "location": "https://example.com/v2/ResourceTypes/Device", "resourceType": "ResourceType" } }, { "schemas": ["urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0 :ResourceType"], "id": "EndpointApp", "name": "EndpointApp", "endpoint": "/EndpointApp", "description": "Endpoint application such as device control and telemetry.", "schema": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp", "meta": { "location": "https ://example.com/v2/ResourceTypes/EndpointApp", "resourceType": "ResourceType" } } ] ]]>

Device Core Schema JSON

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device", "name": "Device", "description": "Device account", "attributes" : [ { "name": "displayName", "type": "string", "description": "Human readable name of the device, suitable for displaying to end-users. For example, 'BLE Heart Monitor' etc.", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "active", "type": "boolean", "description": "A mutable boolean value indicating the device administrative status. If set TRUE, the commands (such as connect, disconnect, subscribe) that control app sends to the controller for the devices will be processeed by the controller. If set FALSE, any command comming from the control app for the device will be rejected by the controller.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "mudUrl", "type": "reference", "description": "A URL to MUD file of the device (RFC 8520).", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

EndpointApp Schema JSON

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp", "name": "EndpointApp", "description": "Endpoint application and their credentials", "attributes" : [ { "name": "applicationType", "type": "string", "description": "This attribute will only contain two values; 'deviceControl' or 'telemetry'.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "applicationName", "type": "string", "description": "Human readable name of the application.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "certificateInfo", "type": "complex", "description": "Contains x509 certificate's subject name and root CA information associated with the device control or telemetry app.", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none", "subAttributes" : [ { "name" : "rootCA", "type" : "string", "description" : "The base64 encoding of the DER encoding of the CA", "multiValued" : false, "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readWrite", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "subjectName", "type" : "string", "description" : "A Common Name (CN) of the form of CN = dnsName", "multiValued" : false, "required" : true, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readWrite", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" } ] }, { "name": "clientToken", "type": "string", "description": "This attribute contains a token that the client will use to authenticate itself. Each token may be a string up to 500 characters in length.", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

BLE Extension Schema JSON

[ { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device", "name": "bleExtension", "description": "Ble extension for device account", "attributes" : [ { "name": "versionSupport", "type": "string", "description": "Provides a list of all the BLE versions supported by the device. For example, [4.1, 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3].", "multivalues": true, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "deviceMacAddress", "type": "string", "description": "It is the public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" }, { "name": "isRandom", "type": "boolean", "description": "The isRandom flag is taken from the BLE core specifications 5.3. If TRUE, device is using Random address which is resolved using IRK. If not present, the value is FALSE.", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "separateBroadcastAddress", "type": "string", "description": "When present, this address is used for broadcasts/advertisements. This value MUST NOT be set when an IRK is provided. Its form is the same as deviceMa`cAddress.", "multivalues": true, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "irk", "type": "string", "description": "Identity resolving key, which is unique for every device. It is used to resolve random address. This value MUST NOT be set when separateBroadcastAddress is set.", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" }, { "name": "mobility", "type": "bool", "description": "If set to True, the BLE device will automatically connect to the closest AP. For example, BLE device is connected with AP-1 and moves out of range but comes in range of AP-2, it will be disconnected with AP-1 and connects with AP-2.", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "pairingMethods", "type": "string", "description": "List of pairing methods associated with the ble device, stored as schema URI.", "multivalues": true, "required": true, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:ble:2.0:Device" } }, { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0 :Device", "name": "nullPairing", "description": "Null pairing method for ble. It is included for the devices that do not have a pairing method.", "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:pairingNull:2.0:Device" } }, { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks :2.0:Device", "name": "pairingJustWorks", "description": "Just works pairing method for ble.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "key", "type": "integer", "description": "Just works does not have any key value. For completeness, it is added with a key value 'null'.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "immutable", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0:Device" } }, { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey :2.0:Device", "name": "pairingPassKey", "description": "Pass key pairing method for ble.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "key", "type": "integer", "description": "A six digit passkey for ble device. The pattern of key is ^[0-9]{6}$.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:pairingPassKey:2.0:Device" } }, { "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0 :Device", "name": "pairingOOB", "description": "Pass key pairing method for ble.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "key", "type": "string", "description": "A key value retrieved from out of band source such as NFC.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "randomNumber", "type": "integer", "description": "Nonce added to the key.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "confirmationNumber", "type": "integer", "description": "Some solutions require confirmation number in RESTful message exchange.", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:pairingOOB:2.0:Device" } } ] ]]>

DPP Extension Schema JSON

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device", "name": "dppExtension", "description": "Device extension schema for DPP", "attributes" : [ { "name": "dppVersion", "type": "integer", "description": "Version of DPP this device supports.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "bootstrappingMethod", "type": "string", "description": "The list of all the bootstrapping methods available on the enrollee device. For example, [QR, NFC].", "multivalues": true, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "bootstrapKey", "type": "string", "description": "This key is Elliptic-Curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) public key. The base64 encoded length for P-256, P-384, and P-521 is 80, 96, and 120 characters.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "deviceMacAddress", "type": "string", "description": "The MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}.", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" }, { "name": "classChannel", "type": "string", "description": "A list of global operating class and channel shared as bootstrapping information. It is formatted as class/channel. For example, '81/1', '115/36'.", "multivalues": true, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "serialNumber", "type": "string", "description": "An alphanumeric serial number that may also be passed as bootstrapping information.", "multivalues": false, "required": false, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:dpp:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

Ethernet MAB Extension Schema JSON

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0 :Device", "name": "ethernetMabExtension", "description": "Device extension schema for MAC authentication Bypass.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "deviceMacAddress", "type": "string", "description": "A MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A -Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:ethernet-mab:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

FDO Extension Schema JSON

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:fido-device-onboard :2.0:Devices", "name": "FDOExtension", "description": "Device extension schema for Fido Device Onboard.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "fdoVoucher", "type": "string", "description": "A Fido Voucher as Defined in the FDO specification" "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Manufacturer" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:fido-device-onboard:2.0:Devices" } } ]]>

Zigbee Extension Schema JSON

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device", "name": "zigbeeExtension", "description": "Device extension schema for zigbee.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "versionSupport", "type": "string", "description": "Provides a list of all the zigbee versions supported by the device. For example, [3.0].", "multivalues": true, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" }, { "name": "deviceEui64Address", "type": "string", "description": "The EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) device address. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{16}$.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:zigbee:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

EndpointAppsExt JSON Extension Schema

{ "id": "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0 :Device", "name": "endpointAppsExt", "description": "Extension for partner endpoint applications that can onboard, control, and communicate with the device.", "attributes" : [ { "name": "applications", "type": "complex", "description": "Includes references to two types of application that connect with entrprise, i.e., deviceControl and telemetry.", "multivalues": true, "required": true, "caseExact": false, "mutability": "readWrite", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "none", "subAttributes" : [ { "name" : "value", "type" : "string", "description" : "The identifier of the endpointApp.", "multiValued" : false, "required" : true, "caseExact" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "$ref", "type" : "reference", "referenceTypes" : "EndpointApps", "description" : "The URI of the corresponding 'EndpointApp' resource which will control or obtain data from the device.", "multiValued" : false, "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" } ] }, { "name": "deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint", "type": "reference", "description": "The URL of the enterprise endpoint which device control apps use to reach enterprise network gateway.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Enterprise" }, { "name": "telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint", "type": "reference", "description": "The URL of the enterprise endpoint which telemetry apps use to reach enterprise network gateway.", "multivalues": false, "required": true, "caseExact": true, "mutability": "readOnly", "returned": "default", "uniqueness": "Enterprise" } ], "meta" : { "resourceType" : "Schema", "location" : "/v2/Schemas/urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas :extension:endpointAppsExt:2.0:Device" } } ]]>

Representation of Schema The following is the JSON representation of the Schema. Implementors MUST NOT vary from the schema definitions in their implementations. They may choose not to implement a particular extension, but if they do, they MUST implement all mandatory elements, and they must implement optional elements as specified.

{ "id" : "urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Schema", "name" : "Schema", "description" : "Specifies the schema that describes a SCIM schema", "attributes" : [ { "name" : "id", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "The unique URI of the schema. When applicable, service providers MUST specify the URI.", "required" : true, "caseExact" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "name", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "The schema's human-readable name. When applicable, service providers MUST specify the name, e.g., 'Device'.", "required" : true, "caseExact" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "description", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "Human-readable description of the schema, e.g., 'Device account'.", "required" : false, "caseExact" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "attributes", "type" : "complex", "multiValued" : true, "description" : "A complex attribute that includes the attributes of a schema.", "required" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "subAttributes" : [ { "name" : "name", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "The attribute's name, e.g., 'displayName'.", "required" : true, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "type", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "The attribute's data type. Valid values include 'string', 'complex', 'boolean', 'decimal', 'integer', 'dateTime', 'reference'.", "required" : true, "caseExact" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none", "canonicalValues" : [ "string", "complex", "boolean", "decimal", "integer", "dateTime", "reference" ] }, { "name" : "multiValued", "type" : "boolean", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "A Boolean value indicating an attribute's plurality.", "required" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default" }, { "name" : "description", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "A human-readable description of the attribute.", "required" : true, "caseExact" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "required", "type" : "boolean", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "A boolean value indicating whether or not the attribute is required.", "required" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default" }, { "name" : "canonicalValues", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : true, "description" : "A collection of canonical values. When applicable, service providers MUST specify the canonical types, e.g., mutability of an attribute, return type, uniqueness.", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "caseExact", "type" : "boolean", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "A Boolean value indicating whether or not a string attribute is case sensitive.", "required" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default" }, { "name" : "mutability", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "Indicates whether or not an attribute is modifiable.", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none", "canonicalValues" : [ "readOnly", "readWrite", "immutable", "writeOnly" ] }, { "name" : "returned", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "Indicates when an attribute is returned in a response (e.g., to a query).", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none", "canonicalValues" : [ "always", "never", "default", "request" ] }, { "name" : "uniqueness", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "Indicates how unique a value must be.", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none", "canonicalValues" : [ "none", "Enterprise", "Manufacturer" ] }, { "name" : "referenceTypes", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "Used only with an attribute of type 'reference'. Specifies a SCIM resourceType that a reference attribute MAY refer to, e.g., 'EndpointApp'.", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "subAttributes", "type" : "complex", "multiValued" : true, "description" : "Used to define the sub-attributes of a complex attribute.", "required" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "subAttributes" : [ { "name" : "name", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "The attribute's name.", "required" : true, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "type", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "The attribute's data type. Valid values include 'string', 'complex', 'boolean', 'decimal', 'integer', 'dateTime', 'reference'.", "required" : true, "caseExact" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none", "canonicalValues" : [ "string", "complex", "boolean", "decimal", "integer", "dateTime", "reference" ] }, { "name" : "multiValued", "type" : "boolean", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "A Boolean value indicating an attribute's plurality.", "required" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default" }, { "name" : "description", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "A human-readable description of the attribute.", "required" : true, "caseExact" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "required", "type" : "boolean", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "A boolean value indicating whether or not the attribute is required.", "required" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default" }, { "name" : "canonicalValues", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : true, "description" : "A collection of canonical values. When applicable, service providers MUST specify the canonical types, e.g., mutability of an attribute, return type, uniqueness.", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" }, { "name" : "caseExact", "type" : "boolean", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "A Boolean value indicating whether or not a string attribute is case sensitive.", "required" : false, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default" }, { "name" : "mutability", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "Indicates whether or not an attribute is modifiable.", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none", "canonicalValues" : [ "readOnly", "readWrite", "immutable", "writeOnly" ] }, { "name" : "returned", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "Indicates when an attribute is returned in a response (e.g., to a query).", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none", "canonicalValues" : [ "always", "never", "default", "request" ] }, { "name" : "uniqueness", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "Indicates how unique a value must be.", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none", "canonicalValues" : [ "none", "Enterprise", "Manufacturer" ] }, { "name" : "referenceTypes", "type" : "string", "multiValued" : false, "description" : "Used only with an attribute of type 'reference'. Specifies a SCIM resourceType that a reference attribute MAY refer to, e.g., 'EndpointApp'.", "required" : false, "caseExact" : true, "mutability" : "readOnly", "returned" : "default", "uniqueness" : "none" } ] } ] } ] } ]]>

Security Considerations Because provisioning operations are sensitive, each client must be appropriately authenticated. Certain objects may be read-only or not visible based on who is connected.

SCIM operations An attacker that has authenticated to a trusted SCIM client could manipulate portions of the SCIM database. To be clear on the risks, we discuss each operation below:

Object Creation Object creation in this framework grants a device access to the infrastructure and will to a greater or lesser extent grant the infrastructure access to the device. When IP-layer access is provisioned, then the access will be at the IP layer. For non-IP layer access, such as provisioning of BLE devices, the access may be to the entire device. The explicit grant is made when the credentials of the device are shared with the SCIM server.

Object Deletion Once granted, even if the object is removed, the server may or may not act on that removal. The deletion of the object is a signal of intent by the application that it no longer expects the device to be on the network. It is strictly up to the SCIM server and its back end policy to decide whether or not to revoke access to the infrastructure. Any access grant by the device must be separately handled.

Read operations Read operations are necessary in order for an application to sync its state to know what devices it is expected to manage. An attacker with access to SCIM objects may gain access to the devices themselves. To prevent one SCIM client from interfering with devices that it has no business managing, only clients that have created objects or those they authorize SHOULD have the ability to read those objects.

Update Operations Update operations may be necessary if a device has been modified in some way. Attackers with update access may be able to disable network access to devices or device access to networks. To avoid this, the same access control policy for read operations is RECOMMENDED here.

Higher level protection for certain systems Devices provisioned with this model may be completely controlled by the administrator of the SCIM server, depending on how those systems are defined. For instance, if BLE passkeys are provided, the device can be connected to, and perhaps paired with. Any additional security must be provided at higher application layers. For example, if client applications wish to keep private information to and from the device, they should encrypt that information over-the-top.

Logging An attacker could learn what devices are on a network by examining SCIM logs. Due to the sensitive nature of SCIM operations, logs SHOILD be encrypted both on the disk and in transit.

IANA Considerations

New Schemas The IANA is requested to add the following additions to the "SCIM Schema URIs for Data Resources" registry as follows: URN Name Reference urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core: 2.0:Device Core Device Schema This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core: 2.0:EndpointApp Endpoint Application This memo, Note that the line break in URNs should be removed, as should this comment.

Device Schema Extensions IANA is requested to create a separate table for Device Schema Extensions, as described in , with the following columns: schemaExtensionURI Short Description Reference The policy for entries into this table shall be both "Expert Review" and "Specification Required", as specified in . Reviewers shall check that each schema is produced in the format described in , and that the semantics of the schema are clear and unambiguous. It is also RECOMMENDED that schemas be made available in OpenAPI. The initial table entries shall be as follows: URN Description Reference urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: ble:2.0:Device BLE Extension This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: ethernet-mab:2.0:Device Ethernet MAB This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: fido-device-onboard:2.0:Device Fido Device Onboard This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: dpp:2.0:Device Wifi EasyConnect This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: endpointAppsExt:2.0:Device Application Endpoint Extension This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: pairingJustWorks:2.0:Device Just Works Auth BLE This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: pairingOOB:2.0:Device Out of Band Pairing for BLE This memo, urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension: pairingPassKey:2.0:Device Passkey Pairing for BLE This memo,

Bluetooth SIG Wi-Fi Alliance FIDO Alliance The System for Cross-domain Identity Management (SCIM) specifications are designed to make identity management in cloud-based applications and services easier. The specification suite builds upon experience with existing schemas and deployments, placing specific emphasis on simplicity of development and integration, while applying existing authentication, authorization, and privacy models. Its intent is to reduce the cost and complexity of user management operations by providing a common user schema and extension model as well as binding documents to provide patterns for exchanging this schema using HTTP. This document provides a platform-neutral schema and extension model for representing users and groups and other resource types in JSON format. This schema is intended for exchange and use with cloud service providers. The System for Cross-domain Identity Management (SCIM) specification is an HTTP-based protocol that makes managing identities in multi-domain scenarios easier to support via a standardized service. Examples include, but are not limited to, enterprise-to-cloud service providers and inter-cloud scenarios. The specification suite seeks to build upon experience with existing schemas and deployments, placing specific emphasis on simplicity of development and integration, while applying existing authentication, authorization, and privacy models. SCIM's intent is to reduce the cost and complexity of user management operations by providing a common user schema, an extension model, and a service protocol defined by this document. Postman JSON Schema defines the media type "application/schema+json", a JSON- based format for describing the structure of JSON data. JSON Schema asserts what a JSON document must look like, ways to extract information from it, and how to interact with it. The "application/ schema-instance+json" media type provides additional feature-rich integration with "application/schema+json" beyond what can be offered for "application/json" documents. In many standards track documents several words are used to signify the requirements in the specification. These words are often capitalized. This document defines these words as they should be interpreted in IETF documents. This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. RFC 2119 specifies common key words that may be used in protocol specifications. This document aims to reduce the ambiguity by clarifying that only UPPERCASE usage of the key words have the defined special meanings. This memo specifies a component-based architecture for Manufacturer Usage Descriptions (MUDs). The goal of MUD is to provide a means for end devices to signal to the network what sort of access and network functionality they require to properly function. The initial focus is on access control. Later work can delve into other aspects. This memo specifies two YANG modules, IPv4 and IPv6 DHCP options, a Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) TLV, a URL, an X.509 certificate extension, and a means to sign and verify the descriptions. This document describes the commonly used base 64, base 32, and base 16 encoding schemes. It also discusses the use of line-feeds in encoded data, use of padding in encoded data, use of non-alphabet characters in encoded data, use of different encoding alphabets, and canonical encodings. [STANDARDS-TRACK] This memo profiles the X.509 v3 certificate and X.509 v2 certificate revocation list (CRL) for use in the Internet. An overview of this approach and model is provided as an introduction. The X.509 v3 certificate format is described in detail, with additional information regarding the format and semantics of Internet name forms. Standard certificate extensions are described and two Internet-specific extensions are defined. A set of required certificate extensions is specified. The X.509 v2 CRL format is described in detail along with standard and Internet-specific extensions. An algorithm for X.509 certification path validation is described. An ASN.1 module and examples are provided in the appendices. [STANDARDS-TRACK] Many protocols make use of points of extensibility that use constants to identify various protocol parameters. To ensure that the values in these fields do not have conflicting uses and to promote interoperability, their allocations are often coordinated by a central record keeper. For IETF protocols, that role is filled by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). To make assignments in a given registry prudently, guidance describing the conditions under which new values should be assigned, as well as when and how modifications to existing values can be made, is needed. This document defines a framework for the documentation of these guidelines by specification authors, in order to assure that the provided guidance for the IANA Considerations is clear and addresses the various issues that are likely in the operation of a registry. This is the third edition of this document; it obsoletes RFC 5226. This document specifies automated bootstrapping of an Autonomic Control Plane. To do this, a Secure Key Infrastructure is bootstrapped. This is done using manufacturer-installed X.509 certificates, in combination with a manufacturer's authorizing service, both online and offline. We call this process the Bootstrapping Remote Secure Key Infrastructure (BRSKI) protocol. Bootstrapping a new device can occur when using a routable address and a cloud service, only link-local connectivity, or limited/disconnected networks. Support for deployment models with less stringent security requirements is included. Bootstrapping is complete when the cryptographic identity of the new key infrastructure is successfully deployed to the device. The established secure connection can be used to deploy a locally issued certificate to the device as well. Cisco Systems Cisco Systems Philips This memo specifies RESTful application layer interface for gateways providing operations against non-IP devices. The described interface is extensible. This memo initially describes Bluetooth Low Energy and Zigbee as they are the most commonly deployed.

Changes from Earlier Versions Drafts 04-08: * Lots of cleanup * Security review responses * Removal of a tab * Dealing with certificate stuff Draft -03: * Add MAB, FDO * Some grammar improvements * fold OpenAPI * IANA considerations Draft -02: * Clean up examples * Move openapi to appendix Draft -01: Doh! We forgot the core device scheme! Draft -00: Initial revision

OpenAPI representation The following sections are provided for informational purposes.

Device Core Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of device core schema is as follows:

components: schemas: Device: title: Device description: Device account type: object properties: displayName: type: string description: "Human readable name of the device, suitable for displaying to end-users. For example, 'BLE Heart Monitor' etc." nullable: true readOnly: false writeOnly: false active: type: boolean description: A mutable boolean value indicating the device administrative status. If set TRUE, the commands (such as connect, disconnect, subscribe) that control app sends to the controller for the devices will be processeed by the controller. If set FALSE, any command comming from the control app for the device will be rejected by the controller. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false mudUrl: type: string format: uri description: A URL to MUD file of the device (RFC 8520). It is added for future use. Current usage is not defined yet. nullable: true readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - active additionalProperties: false allOf: - $ref: '#/components/schemas/CommonAttributes' CommonAttributes: type: object properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Device description: The list of schemas that define the resource. nullable: false id: type: string format: uri description: The unique identifier for a resource. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false externalId: type: string description: An identifier for the resource that is defined by the provisioning client. nullable: true readOnly: false writeOnly: false meta: type: object readOnly: true properties: resourceType: type: string description: The name of the resource type of the resource. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false location: type: string format: uri description: The URI of the resource being returned. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false created: type: string format: date-time description: The date and time the resource was added to the service provider. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false lastModified: type: string format: date-time description: The most recent date and time that the details of this resource were updated at the service provider. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false version: type: string description: The version of the resource. nullable: true readOnly: true writeOnly: false additionalProperties: false ]]>

EndpointApp Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of endpointApp schema is as follows:

components: schemas: EndpointApp: title: EndpointApp description: Endpoint application resource type: object properties: applicationType: type: string description: "This attribute will only contain two values; 'deviceControl' or 'telemetry'." nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false applicationName: type: string description: Human readable name of the application. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - applicationType - applicationName additionalProperties: true oneOf: - $ref: '#/components/schemas/clientToken' - $ref: '#/components/schemas/certificateInfo' allOf: - $ref: '#/components/schemas/CommonAttributes' clientToken: type: string description: "This attribute contains a token that the client will use to authenticate itself. Each token may be a string up to 500 characters in length." nullable: true readOnly: true writeOnly: false certificateInfo: type: object description: "Contains x509 certificate's subject name and root CA information associated with the device control or telemetry app." properties: rootCA: type: string description: "The base64 encoding of a trust anchor certificate,as per RFC 4648 Section 4." nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false subjectName: type: string description: "Also known as the Common Name (CN), the Subject Name is a field in the X.509 certificate that identifies the primary domain or IP address for which the certificate is issued." nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - subjectName CommonAttributes: type: object properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:EndpointApp description: The list of schemas that define the resource. nullable: false id: type: string format: uri description: The unique identifier for a resource. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false meta: type: object readOnly: true properties: resourceType: type: string description: The name of the resource type of the resource. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false location: type: string format: uri description: The URI of the resource being returned. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false created: type: string format: date-time description: The date and time the resource was added to the service provider. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false lastModified: type: string format: date-time description: The most recent date and time that the details of this resource were updated at the service provider. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false version: type: string description: The version of the resource. nullable: true readOnly: true writeOnly: false additionalProperties: false ]]>

BLE Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of BLE extension schema is as follows:

components: schemas: BleDevice: type: object description: BLE Device schema. properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0 :Device urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ble:2.0:Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/BleDeviceExtension' required: true BleDeviceExtension: type: object properties: versionSupport: type: array items: type: string description: Provides a list of all the BLE versions supported by the device. For example, [4.1, 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3]. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false deviceMacAddress: type: string description: It is the public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false isRandom: type: boolean description: AddressType flag is taken from the BLE core specifications 5.3. If FALSE, the device is using public MAC address. If TRUE, device is using Random address which is resolved using the IRK. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false separateBroadcastAddress: type: string description: "When present, this address is used for broadcasts/advertisements. This value MUST NOT be set when an IRK is provided. Its form is the same as deviceMa`cAddress." nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false irk: type: string description: Identity resolving key, which is unique for every device. It is used to resolve random address. nullable: true readOnly: false writeOnly: true mobility: type: boolean description: If set to True, the BLE device will automatically connect to the closest AP. For example, BLE device is connected with AP-1 and moves out of range but comes in range of AP -2, it will be disconnected with AP-1 and connects with AP-2. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false pairingMethods: type: array items: type: string description: List of pairing methods associated with the ble device, stored as schema URI. nullable: true readOnly: false writeOnly: false urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingNull:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/NullPairing' required: false urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingJustWorks:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/PairingJustWorks' required: false urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingPassKey:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/PairingPassKey' required: false urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:pairingOOB:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/PairingOOB' required: false required: - versionSupport - deviceMacAddress - AddressType - pairingMethods additionalProperties: false NullPairing: type: object PairingJustWorks: type: object description: Just works pairing method for ble properties: key: type: integer description: Just works does not have any key value. For completeness, it is added with a key value 'null'. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - key PairingPassKey: type: object description: Pass key pairing method for ble properties: key: type: integer description: A six digit passkey for ble device. The pattern of key is ^[0-9]{6}$. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: true required: - key PairingOOB: type: object description: Out-of-band pairing method for BLE properties: key: type: string description: The OOB key value for ble device. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false randomNumber: type: integer description: Nonce added to the key nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: true confirmationNumber: type: integer description: Some solutions require a confirmation number in the RESTful message exchange. nullable: true readOnly: false writeOnly: true required: - key - randomNumber ]]>

DPP Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of DPP extension schema is as follows:

components: schemas: DppDevice: type: object description: DPP device extension schema properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0 :Device urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:dpp:2.0:Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/DppDeviceExtension' required: true DppDeviceExtension: type: object properties: dppVersion: type: integer description: Version of DPP this device supports. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false bootstrappingMethod: type: array items: type: string description: The list of all the bootstrapping methods available on the enrollee device. For example, [QR, NFC]. nullable: true readOnly: false writeOnly: false bootstrapKey: type: string description: This key is Elliptic-Curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH) public key. The base64 encoded length for P-256, P-384, and P-521 is 80, 96, and 120 characters. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: true deviceMacAddress: type: string description: The MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false classChannel: type: array items: type: string description: A list of global operating class and channel shared as bootstrapping information. It is formatted as class/channel. For example, '81/1', '115/36'. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false serialNumber: type: string description: An alphanumeric serial number that may also be passed as bootstrapping information. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - dppVersion - bootstrapKey additionalProperties: false ]]>

Ethernet MAB Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of Ethernet MAB extension schema is as follows:

components: schemas: EthernetMABDevice: type: object description: Ethernet MAC Authenticated Bypass properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab :2.0:Device urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0 :Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/EthernetMABDeviceExtension' required: true EthernetMABDeviceExtension: type: object properties: deviceMacAddress: type: string description: It is the public MAC address assigned by the manufacturer. It is unique 48 bit value. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - deviceMacAddress description: Device extension schema for Ethernet-MAB ]]>

FDO Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of FDO extension schema is as follows:

components: schemas: FDODevice: type: object description: Fido Device Onboarding Voucher Extension properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab :2.0:Devices urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:ethernet-mab:2.0 :Devices: $ref: '#/components/schemas/FDODeviceExtension' required: true FDODeviceExtension: type: object properties: fdoVoucher: type: string description: A Fido Device Onboarding Voucher nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - fdoVoucher description: Device Extension for a Fido Device Onboarding Voucher ]]>

Zigbee Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of zigbee extension schema is as follows:

components: schemas: ZigbeeDevice: type: object description: Zigbee Device schema. properties: schemas: type: array items: type: string enum: - urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0 :Device urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:extension:zigbee:2.0:Device: $ref: '#/components/schemas/ZigbeeDeviceExtension' required: true ZigbeeDeviceExtension: type: object properties: versionSupport: type: array items: type: string description: Provides a list of all the Zigbee versions supported by the device. For example, [3.0]. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false deviceEui64Address: type: string description: The EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) device address. The regex pattern is ^[0-9A-Fa-f]{16}$. nullable: false readOnly: false writeOnly: false required: - versionSupport - deviceEui64Address description: Device extension schema for Zigbee. ]]>

EndpointAppsExt Extension Schema OpenAPI Representation OpenAPI representation of endpoint Apps extension schema is as follows:

components: schemas: EndpointAppsExt: type: object properties: applications: $ref: '#/components/schemas/applications' deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint: type: string format: url description: The URL of the enterprise endpoint which device control apps use to reach enterprise network gateway. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint: type: string format: url description: The URL of the enterprise endpoint which telemetry apps use to reach enterprise network gateway. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false required: - applications - deviceControlEnterpriseEndpoint - telemetryEnterpriseEndpoint applications: type: array items: value: type: string description: The identifier of the endpointApp. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false ref: type: string format: uri description: The URI of the corresponding 'EndpointApp' resource which will control or obtain data from the device. nullable: false readOnly: true writeOnly: false required: - value - ref ]]>